:root {
  --ink: #f7f4ff;
  --muted: #b9acd8;
  --quiet: #8f80b3;
  --bg: #05020f;
  --bg-soft: #0a0619;
  --panel: rgba(18, 11, 42, 0.88);
  --panel-solid: #120b2a;
  --panel-light: #1a1040;
  --violet: #a78bfa;
  --violet-bright: #c4b5fd;
  --violet-deep: #7c3aed;
  --cyan: #67e8f9;
  --gold: #f5c97a;
  --line: rgba(167, 139, 250, 0.2);
  --line-strong: rgba(167, 139, 250, 0.42);
  --shadow: 0 24px 80px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.36);
  --radius: 22px;
  --radius-sm: 14px;
  --max: 1180px;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  background: var(--bg);
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  min-height: 100vh;
  color: var(--ink);
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 88% 8%, rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.18), transparent 28rem),
    radial-gradient(circle at 10% 34%, rgba(103, 232, 249, 0.06), transparent 24rem),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #05020f 0%, #090519 58%, #05020f 100%);
  font-family: "Inter", system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

/* Long unbroken tokens (URLs, file names, identifiers) must not overflow on phones */
p, li, td, dd, figcaption, blockquote, h1, h2, h3 {
  overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

body::before {
  content: "";
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  opacity: 0.18;
  background-image: radial-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,0.42) 0.55px, transparent 0.55px);
  background-size: 34px 34px;
  mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, black, transparent 80%);
}

img { max-width: 100%; }
a { color: inherit; }
button, input, textarea { font: inherit; }

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 999;
  top: 10px;
  left: 10px;
  transform: translateY(-160%);
  padding: 10px 16px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  color: var(--bg);
  background: var(--violet-bright);
}

.skip-link:focus { transform: translateY(0); }

.site-nav {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(5, 2, 15, 0.86);
  backdrop-filter: blur(18px);
}

.nav-inner {
  width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 40px));
  min-height: 70px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 28px;
}

.nav-brand {
  font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.nav-links a {
  display: inline-flex;
  padding: 9px 13px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  color: var(--muted);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.nav-links a:hover,
.nav-links a:focus-visible,
.nav-links a[aria-current="page"] {
  color: var(--ink);
  background: rgba(167, 139, 250, 0.12);
}

.nav-cta {
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
}

.nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 12px;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--panel);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.nav-toggle span,
.nav-toggle span::before,
.nav-toggle span::after {
  display: block;
  width: 18px;
  height: 2px;
  margin: auto;
  background: currentColor;
  content: "";
}

.nav-toggle span::before { transform: translateY(-6px); }
.nav-toggle span::after { transform: translateY(4px); }

.hero {
  width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 40px));
  min-height: calc(100vh - 70px);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 72px 0 54px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.35fr) minmax(260px, 0.65fr);
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(44px, 8vw, 100px);
}

.hero-copy { position: relative; z-index: 1; }

.eyebrow {
  margin: 0 0 16px;
  color: var(--violet-bright);
  font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.hero h1,
.page-hero h1 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.055em;
  line-height: 0.98;
  text-wrap: balance;
}

.hero h1 { font-size: clamp(3.25rem, 7.4vw, 6.7rem); }
.page-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 6vw, 5.25rem); }

.hero-lede,
.page-lede {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 28px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: clamp(1.03rem, 1.8vw, 1.24rem);
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.hero-lede strong,
.page-lede strong { color: var(--ink); }

.hero-actions,
.button-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 32px;
}

.button {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 48px;
  padding: 11px 19px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  border-radius: 999px;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: rgba(167, 139, 250, 0.08);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 700;
  transition: transform 160ms ease, border-color 160ms ease, background 160ms ease;
}

.button:hover,
.button:focus-visible {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  border-color: var(--violet-bright);
  background: rgba(167, 139, 250, 0.16);
}

.button-primary {
  color: #090514;
  border-color: var(--violet-bright);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--violet-bright), var(--violet));
}

.button-primary:hover,
.button-primary:focus-visible { background: #d8ccff; }

.hero-portrait-wrap {
  position: relative;
  align-self: center;
  justify-self: center;
}

.hero-portrait-wrap::before,
.hero-portrait-wrap::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: -22px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(167, 139, 250, 0.28);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.hero-portrait-wrap::after {
  inset: -52px;
  border-style: dashed;
  opacity: 0.5;
}

.hero-portrait {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: clamp(210px, 25vw, 330px);
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  border: 2px solid var(--violet);
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center 22%;
  box-shadow: 0 0 80px rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.3);
}

.proof-bar {
  width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 40px));
  margin: -16px auto 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: rgba(13, 8, 36, 0.9);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.proof-item {
  min-height: 112px;
  padding: 22px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
}

.proof-item + .proof-item { border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.proof-value {
  font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 3vw, 2rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--violet-bright);
}
.proof-label { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.86rem; line-height: 1.35; }

.section {
  width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 40px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 110px 0 0;
  scroll-margin-top: 86px;
}

.section:last-child { padding-bottom: 110px; }

.section-heading {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.75fr) minmax(280px, 1.25fr);
  gap: 56px;
  align-items: end;
  margin-bottom: 36px;
}

.section-heading h2,
.content-panel h2,
.case-section h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.45rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  line-height: 1.05;
}

.section-heading p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.featured-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.35fr 0.65fr;
  gap: 20px;
}

.feature-card,
.project-card,
.content-panel,
.case-section,
.agenda-card,
.publication-item,
.trade-explorer {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(24, 14, 55, 0.94), rgba(10, 6, 25, 0.94));
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.feature-card {
  min-height: 570px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.feature-card:hover,
.feature-card:focus-visible,
.project-card:hover,
.project-card:focus-within {
  border-color: var(--line-strong);
  transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.feature-media {
  min-height: 300px;
  flex: 1;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #070412;
}

.feature-media img,
.project-media img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: block;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.feature-content { padding: 30px; }
.feature-content h3,
.project-card h3,
.agenda-card h3,
.publication-item h2,
.publication-item h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  line-height: 1.18;
}
.feature-content h3 { font-size: clamp(1.65rem, 3vw, 2.35rem); }
.feature-content p,
.project-card p,
.agenda-card p,
.publication-item p { color: var(--muted); }

.result-line {
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  color: var(--ink) !important;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.status-row,
.tag-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.tag,
.status {
  display: inline-flex;
  padding: 5px 10px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  color: var(--violet-bright);
  background: rgba(167, 139, 250, 0.07);
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.project-grid,
.capability-grid,
.agenda-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 20px;
}

.project-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  transition: transform 160ms ease, border-color 160ms ease;
}

.project-card > a {
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.project-media {
  height: 220px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #070412;
}

.project-body {
  flex: 1;
  padding: 24px;
}

.project-card h3 { font-size: 1.35rem; }
.project-card p { margin-bottom: 0; }

.capability-card {
  padding: 26px;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--violet-deep);
  border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm);
  background: rgba(18, 11, 42, 0.55);
}

.capability-card h3 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
}

.capability-card p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.93rem; }
.capability-evidence { color: var(--cyan) !important; margin-top: 12px !important; }

.agenda-card { padding: 28px; }
.agenda-number {
  color: var(--violet-bright);
  font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
}

.contact-panel {
  padding: clamp(30px, 6vw, 70px);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 36px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 95% 20%, rgba(103, 232, 249, 0.1), transparent 18rem),
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(30, 17, 70, 0.96), rgba(10, 6, 25, 0.96));
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.contact-panel h2 { margin: 0; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.3rem); }
.contact-panel p { max-width: 720px; margin-bottom: 0; color: var(--muted); }

.site-footer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(5, 2, 15, 0.72);
}

.footer-inner {
  width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 40px));
  min-height: 130px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  color: var(--quiet);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.footer-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 16px; }
.footer-links a { color: var(--muted); text-decoration: none; }
.footer-links a:hover { color: var(--ink); }

.page-hero {
  width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 40px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 82px 0 56px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr minmax(300px, 0.72fr);
  align-items: center;
  gap: 60px;
}

.page-hero.no-media { display: block; max-width: 940px; margin-left: max(20px, calc((100% - var(--max)) / 2)); }

.page-hero-media {
  min-height: 350px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #080414;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}
.page-hero-media img { width: 100%; height: 100%; display: block; object-fit: cover; }
.page-meta { margin: 18px 0 0; color: var(--quiet); font-size: 0.92rem; }

.content-wrap {
  width: min(980px, calc(100% - 40px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 18px 0 110px;
}

.content-panel,
.case-section { padding: clamp(26px, 5vw, 52px); margin-top: 22px; }
.content-panel h2,
.case-section h2 { font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3.4vw, 2.65rem); }
.content-panel h3,
.case-section h3 { margin-top: 28px; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; }
.content-panel p,
.content-panel li,
.case-section p,
.case-section li { color: var(--muted); }
.content-panel strong,
.case-section strong { color: var(--ink); }
.content-panel a:not(.button),
.case-section a:not(.button) { color: var(--violet-bright); }

.contribution-grid,
.results-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: 26px;
}

.contribution,
.result-card {
  padding: 22px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: rgba(5, 2, 15, 0.42);
}

.contribution h3,
.result-card h3 { margin: 0; font-size: 1.02rem; }
.contribution p,
.result-card p { margin-bottom: 0; font-size: 0.92rem; }
.result-number { display: block; color: var(--violet-bright); font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 700; }

.callout {
  margin-top: 24px;
  padding: 22px 24px;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--cyan);
  border-radius: 0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm) 0;
  background: rgba(103, 232, 249, 0.06);
}
.callout p { margin: 0; color: var(--ink); }

.trade-explorer { margin-top: 22px; padding: clamp(26px, 5vw, 46px); }
.trade-explorer h2 { margin-top: 0; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3vw, 2.5rem); }
.trade-explorer > p { color: var(--muted); }
.explorer-controls { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 22px; margin-top: 26px; }
.control-group { padding: 20px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); }
.control-group legend { padding: 0 8px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.86rem; font-weight: 700; }
.choice-row { display: flex; gap: 8px; }
.choice-button {
  flex: 1;
  padding: 10px 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 10px;
  color: var(--muted);
  background: transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.choice-button[aria-pressed="true"] { color: var(--bg); border-color: var(--violet-bright); background: var(--violet-bright); }
.explorer-output { margin-top: 26px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 22px; }
.metric-output { padding: 22px; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); background: rgba(5, 2, 15, 0.5); }
.metric-output span { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.86rem; }
.metric-output strong { display: block; margin: 4px 0 14px; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: 2rem; }
.metric-track { height: 12px; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 999px; background: rgba(167, 139, 250, 0.12); }
.metric-fill { width: 10%; height: 100%; border-radius: inherit; background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--violet), var(--cyan)); transition: width 260ms ease; }
.explorer-note { margin-bottom: 0; color: var(--quiet) !important; font-size: 0.82rem; }

.publication-list { display: grid; gap: 18px; }
.publication-item { padding: clamp(24px, 4vw, 40px); }
.publication-kicker { color: var(--violet-bright) !important; font-size: 0.78rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.publication-authors { color: var(--quiet) !important; }
.publication-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; margin-top: 20px; }

.cv-update { display: inline-flex; margin-top: 20px; color: var(--cyan); font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 700; }
.cv-highlights { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 18px; margin-top: 22px; }
.cv-block { padding: 24px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); background: rgba(5,2,15,.36); }
.cv-block h3 { margin: 0; }
.cv-block p { margin-bottom: 0; }
.pdf-frame { width: 100%; height: 900px; margin-top: 22px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); background: white; }

.media-frame { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; border: 0; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); background: #000; }
.paper-frame { width: 100%; height: 900px; border: 0; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); background: #fff; }
.back-link { display: inline-flex; margin-top: 26px; color: var(--muted); text-decoration: none; }
.back-link:hover { color: var(--ink); }

.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .hero,
  .page-hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .hero { min-height: 0; padding-top: 54px; text-align: center; }
  .hero-copy { order: 2; }
  .hero-portrait-wrap { order: 1; }
  .hero-lede { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }
  .hero-actions { justify-content: center; }
  .proof-bar { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; margin-top: 32px; }
  .proof-item:nth-child(3) { border-left: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .proof-item:nth-child(4) { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .section-heading { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 18px; }
  .featured-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .feature-card { min-height: 0; }
  .project-grid,
  .capability-grid,
  .agenda-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .page-hero.no-media { margin-left: auto; }
  .contact-panel { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

@media (max-width: 700px) {
  .nav-inner { width: min(100% - 28px, var(--max)); }
  .nav-toggle { display: inline-grid; place-items: center; }
  .nav-links {
    position: absolute;
    top: 70px;
    left: 14px;
    right: 14px;
    display: none;
    padding: 14px;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    border: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: rgba(9, 5, 23, 0.98);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  }
  .nav-links[data-open="true"] { display: flex; }
  .nav-links a { justify-content: center; }
  .hero,
  .section,
  .proof-bar,
  .page-hero,
  .content-wrap,
  .footer-inner { width: min(100% - 28px, var(--max)); }
  .hero { padding: 42px 0 28px; }
  .hero h1 { font-size: clamp(2.7rem, 13vw, 4rem); }
  .hero-portrait { width: 172px; }
  .hero-portrait-wrap::after { inset: -34px; }
  .hero-lede { margin-top: 20px; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.65; }
  .hero-actions { margin-top: 24px; }
  .button { width: 100%; }
  .proof-bar { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .proof-item { min-height: 98px; padding: 17px; }
  .section { padding-top: 76px; }
  .section:last-child { padding-bottom: 76px; }
  .project-grid,
  .capability-grid,
  .agenda-grid,
  .contribution-grid,
  .results-grid,
  .cv-highlights,
  .explorer-controls,
  .explorer-output { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .project-media { height: 205px; }
  .page-hero { padding: 56px 0 34px; gap: 30px; }
  .page-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(2.55rem, 12vw, 4rem); }
  .page-hero-media { min-height: 220px; }
  .content-wrap { padding-bottom: 76px; }
  .content-panel,
  .case-section,
  .trade-explorer { padding: 24px 20px; }
  .choice-row { flex-direction: column; }
  .pdf-frame,
  .paper-frame { display: none; }
  .footer-inner { padding: 30px 0; min-height: 0; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
  }
}

/* Research-portfolio layouts */
.section-shell {
  width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 40px));
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(5, 2, 15, 0.86);
  backdrop-filter: blur(18px);
}

.nav-shell {
  width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 40px));
  min-height: 70px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 28px;
}

.wordmark {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.wordmark span { color: var(--cyan); }

.text-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
  color: var(--violet-bright);
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.text-link:hover,
.text-link:focus-visible { color: var(--cyan); }

.button-row .text-link { min-height: 48px; padding-inline: 5px; }

.portrait-card,
.case-hero-image {
  margin: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--panel-solid);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.portrait-card {
  position: relative;
  max-width: 390px;
  justify-self: end;
}

.portrait-card img {
  width: 100%;
  height: min(60vh, 520px);
  display: block;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center 22%;
}

.portrait-card figcaption,
.case-hero-image figcaption {
  padding: 18px 20px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: .86rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.portrait-card figcaption span {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
  color: var(--cyan);
  font-size: .72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.portrait-card figcaption strong { color: var(--ink); }

.proof-strip {
  width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 40px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  overflow: hidden;
  background: rgba(13, 8, 36, .9);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.proof-shell {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
}

.proof-shell > div {
  min-height: 112px;
  padding: 22px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
}

.proof-shell > div + div { border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.proof-shell strong { color: var(--violet-bright); font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 3vw, 2rem); }
.proof-shell span { color: var(--muted); font-size: .86rem; }

.intro-grid,
.methods-grid,
.limitation-callout,
.publication-callout,
.identifiers-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(240px, .75fr) minmax(0, 1.25fr);
  gap: clamp(34px, 7vw, 88px);
  align-items: start;
}

.intro-grid h2,
.methods-grid h2,
.limitation-callout h2,
.publication-callout h2,
.results-section h2,
.research-agenda h2,
.next-project h2,
.talk-layout h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.45rem);
  letter-spacing: -.04em;
  line-height: 1.06;
}

.prose-large { color: var(--muted); font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 1.7vw, 1.2rem); }
.prose-large p:first-child { margin-top: 0; }

.section-heading .text-link { justify-self: end; }
.narrow-heading { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(280px, .9fr); }

.image-link {
  min-height: 260px;
  display: block;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #070412;
}

.image-link img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: block;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.card-body { padding: 28px; }
.card-body h3 { margin: 0; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 2.4vw, 2.2rem); line-height: 1.15; }
.card-body h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.card-body > p { color: var(--muted); }
.feature-card-large .image-link { min-height: 340px; }

.result-row {
  margin: 20px 0;
  display: grid;
  gap: 8px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: .9rem;
}

.result-row strong { color: var(--cyan); }

.capability-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr); }
.capability-grid article,
.agenda-grid article,
.contribution-grid article,
.results-grid article {
  padding: 25px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: rgba(18, 11, 42, .58);
}

.capability-grid article > span,
.agenda-grid article > span,
.contribution-grid article > span,
.method-list article > span {
  color: var(--cyan);
  font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
  font-size: .74rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
}

.capability-grid h3,
.agenda-grid h3,
.contribution-grid h3,
.results-grid h3,
.method-list h3 {
  margin: 12px 0 8px;
  font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.22;
}

.capability-grid p,
.agenda-grid p,
.contribution-grid p,
.results-grid p,
.method-list p { margin-bottom: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .92rem; }

.project-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
.project-card { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(150px, .72fr) minmax(0, 1.28fr); }
.project-card > img { width: 100%; height: 100%; min-height: 290px; object-fit: cover; }
.project-card > img.transit-result-image { object-position: center 91%; }
.project-card > div { padding: 25px; }
.project-card h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.project-type { margin: 0 0 10px !important; color: var(--cyan) !important; font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.project-card .text-link { margin-top: 18px; }

.research-agenda,
.results-section,
.identifiers-section,
.contact-section {
  padding: clamp(34px, 6vw, 70px);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(28, 16, 66, .94), rgba(8, 5, 22, .94));
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.research-agenda > .section-shell,
.results-section > .section-shell,
.identifiers-section > .section-shell,
.contact-section > .section-shell { width: 100%; }

.research-agenda h2,
.results-section h2 { max-width: 880px; margin-bottom: 34px; }

.link-card-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 18px; }
.link-card {
  min-height: 180px;
  padding: 25px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: rgba(18, 11, 42, .55);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: transform 160ms ease, border-color 160ms ease;
}
.link-card:hover,
.link-card:focus-visible { transform: translateY(-3px); border-color: var(--line-strong); }
.link-card span { color: var(--cyan); font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.link-card strong { margin: 12px 0; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.22; }
.link-card small { margin-top: auto; color: var(--muted); }

.contact-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.2fr .8fr; gap: 60px; align-items: center; }
.contact-grid h2 { margin: 0; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.45rem); line-height: 1.06; }
.contact-grid p { color: var(--muted); }

.footer-shell {
  width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 40px));
  min-height: 150px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  gap: 14px 30px;
  align-content: center;
  color: var(--quiet);
  font-size: .88rem;
}
.footer-shell > div:first-child { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.footer-shell strong { color: var(--ink); }
.footer-shell small { grid-column: 1 / -1; }

.page-deck {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 26px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: clamp(1.04rem, 1.8vw, 1.22rem);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.page-hero-simple { display: block; max-width: 960px; margin-left: max(20px, calc((100% - var(--max)) / 2)); padding-bottom: 24px; }
.case-hero-image { min-height: 360px; }
.case-hero-image img { width: 100%; min-height: 320px; display: block; object-fit: cover; }
.case-hero-image .transit-result-image { object-position: center 91%; }
.case-hero-image.logo-hero img { padding: 48px; object-fit: contain; background: rgba(255,255,255,.03); }

.results-grid article > strong { display: block; color: var(--violet-bright); font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3vw, 2.7rem); }

.explorer-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 20px; }
.explorer-panel { padding: 28px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); background: linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(24, 14, 55, .94), rgba(10, 6, 25, .94)); }
.explorer-panel h3 { margin-top: 0; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: 1.35rem; }
.segmented-control { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 8px; }
.segmented-control button { padding: 10px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 10px; color: var(--muted); background: transparent; cursor: pointer; }
.segmented-control button[aria-pressed="true"] { color: var(--bg); border-color: var(--violet-bright); background: var(--violet-bright); }
.metric-display { margin: 28px 0 15px; }
.metric-display strong { display: block; color: var(--ink); font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: 2.3rem; }
.metric-display span { color: var(--muted); font-size: .85rem; }
.metric-track > span { display: block; height: 100%; border-radius: inherit; background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--violet), var(--cyan)); transition: width 260ms ease; }
.metric-track-warm > span { background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--violet), var(--gold)); }
.explorer-panel > p { margin-bottom: 0; color: var(--quiet); font-size: .86rem; }
.sr-status { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0,0,0,0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0; }

.method-list { display: grid; gap: 10px; }
.method-list article { padding: 20px 0; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 38px 1fr; gap: 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.method-list h3 { margin-top: 0; }
.method-list p { margin-top: 5px; }

.evidence-section,
.bridge-grid,
.talk-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: clamp(30px, 6vw, 70px); align-items: center; }
.evidence-section p,
.bridge-grid p,
.talk-layout p,
.limitation-callout p,
.publication-callout p { color: var(--muted); }
.video-frame { position: relative; aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); background: #000; box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
.video-frame iframe { width: 100%; height: 100%; border: 0; }
.limitation-callout { padding: clamp(28px, 5vw, 52px); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); background: rgba(18,11,42,.55); }
.next-project { margin-top: 110px; padding: 70px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); background: rgba(18,11,42,.45); }
.next-project h2 { max-width: 720px; margin-bottom: 28px; }

.publication-section { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 220px 1fr; gap: 35px; align-items: start; }
.publication-label { position: sticky; top: 100px; }
.publication-label span { color: var(--cyan); font-weight: 700; }
.publication-label h2 { margin: 5px 0 0; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: 1.55rem; }
.publication-meta { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; align-items: center; color: var(--quiet); font-size: .83rem; }
.publication-item h3 { margin-top: 18px; font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.5vw, 2rem); }
.publication-item .authors { color: var(--ink); }
.publication-note { padding-left: 16px; border-left: 2px solid var(--cyan); }
.compact-publications { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
.identifier-note { grid-column: 2; color: var(--quiet); font-size: .85rem; }

.cv-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 270px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 32px; align-items: start; }
.cv-sidebar { position: sticky; top: 100px; display: grid; gap: 14px; }
.cv-sidebar > div { padding: 20px; display: grid; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); background: rgba(18,11,42,.55); }
.cv-sidebar span { color: var(--cyan); font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.cv-sidebar strong { margin: 8px 0 3px; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; }
.cv-sidebar small,
.cv-sidebar a { color: var(--muted); font-size: .8rem; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.cv-content { display: grid; gap: 18px; }
.cv-block { padding: clamp(24px, 4vw, 38px); }
.cv-block h2 { margin: 0 0 22px; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: 1.65rem; }
.cv-entry + .cv-entry { margin-top: 26px; padding-top: 26px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.cv-entry > div { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 22px; }
.cv-entry > div span { color: var(--quiet); font-size: .86rem; text-align: right; }
.cv-entry p,
.cv-entry li { color: var(--muted); }
.pdf-section .embed-fallback { color: var(--muted); }

.publication-callout { padding: clamp(28px, 5vw, 52px); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); background: rgba(18,11,42,.55); }
.bridge-grid img { width: 100%; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
.document-card { padding: 28px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); background: rgba(18,11,42,.55); }
.document-card span { color: var(--cyan); font-size: .74rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.document-card strong { display: block; margin: 14px 0; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: 1.35rem; }
.document-card p { color: var(--muted); }

.art-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 18px; }
.art-grid a { overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); background: rgba(18,11,42,.55); text-decoration: none; }
.art-grid img { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 1.3; display: block; object-fit: cover; transition: transform 250ms ease; }
.art-grid a:hover img { transform: scale(1.025); }
.art-grid span { display: block; padding: 16px 18px; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-weight: 700; }

.archive-section { display: grid; gap: clamp(28px, 5vw, 52px); }
.notebook-frame {
  width: 100%;
  height: min(960px, 82vh);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: #fff;
}
.detail-section {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.05fr) minmax(300px, .95fr);
  gap: clamp(26px, 5vw, 58px);
  align-items: start;
  padding: clamp(26px, 4vw, 42px);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: rgba(18,11,42,.5);
}
.detail-section h3 { margin-top: 0; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.5vw, 1.9rem); }
.detail-section p,
.detail-section li,
.archive-figure figcaption,
.video-archive-grid p { color: var(--muted); }
.media-grid,
.image-pair { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 18px; }
.drive-frame {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: #000;
}
.drive-frame-large { min-height: 330px; }
.image-pair img,
.archive-figure img { width: 100%; display: block; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); }
.image-pair figure,
.archive-figure { margin: 0; }
.image-pair figcaption,
.archive-figure figcaption { margin-top: 10px; font-size: .82rem; line-height: 1.5; }
.detail-list { margin: 22px 0 0; padding-left: 1.2rem; display: grid; gap: 12px; }
.detail-list-panel { padding: clamp(24px, 4vw, 36px) clamp(24px, 4vw, 46px); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); background: rgba(8,5,20,.4); }
.component-list { margin: 24px 0 0; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 12px; list-style: none; }
.component-list li { padding: 16px; display: grid; gap: 5px; border-left: 2px solid var(--violet-bright); background: rgba(8,5,20,.34); }
.component-list strong { color: var(--ink); }
.component-list a { width: fit-content; color: var(--cyan); font-size: .8rem; }
.milestones-section { grid-template-columns: .75fr 1.25fr; }
.milestone-list { margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 10px; counter-reset: milestone; list-style: none; }
.milestone-list li { padding: 15px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 10px; background: rgba(8,5,20,.34); counter-increment: milestone; }
.milestone-list li::before { content: counter(milestone, decimal-leading-zero); display: block; margin-bottom: 7px; color: var(--cyan); font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 700; }
.video-archive-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 18px; }
.video-archive-grid article { padding: 22px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm); background: rgba(18,11,42,.5); }
.video-archive-grid h3 { margin-top: 0; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; }
.video-archive-grid .drive-frame { margin-top: 12px; }
.talk-card-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 20px; }
.talk-card { overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); background: rgba(18,11,42,.55); transition: transform 220ms ease, border-color 220ms ease; }
.talk-card:hover,
.talk-card:focus-within { transform: translateY(-3px); border-color: var(--line-strong); }
.talk-card a { height: 100%; display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(180px, .82fr) 1fr; color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
.talk-card img { width: 100%; height: 100%; min-height: 250px; display: block; object-fit: cover; }
.talk-card div { padding: clamp(22px, 4vw, 34px); }
.talk-card span { color: var(--cyan); font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.talk-card h3 { margin: 13px 0; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 2.2vw, 1.6rem); }
.talk-card p { color: var(--muted); }
.talk-card strong { color: var(--violet-bright); font-size: .85rem; }
.link-card-grid.four-up { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); }

.formation-scroll-visual {
  position: fixed;
  top: 50%;
  right: clamp(4px, 2vw, 32px);
  width: 360px;
  height: 360px;
  z-index: 3;
  pointer-events: none;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  opacity: .9;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 18px 28px rgba(0,0,0,.35));
}
.formation-orbit {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 24px;
  will-change: transform;
}
.formation-craft {
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  width: 82px;
  height: auto;
  margin-left: -41px;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 8px 12px rgba(167,139,250,.5));
  will-change: transform;
}
.formation-craft-a { top: -42px; }
.formation-craft-b { bottom: -42px; }

.not-found { min-height: calc(100vh - 220px); display: grid; place-items: center; text-align: center; }
.not-found h1 { max-width: 800px; margin: 0 auto; font-family: "Space Grotesk", sans-serif; font-size: clamp(3rem, 8vw, 6rem); line-height: .98; letter-spacing: -.05em; }
.not-found p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 1.1rem; }
.not-found .button-row { justify-content: center; }

@media (max-width: 1550px) {
  .formation-scroll-visual { right: 0; transform: translateY(-50%) scale(.72); opacity: .72; }
}

@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  /* No gutter at this width: the fixed decorative formation would sit on top
     of headings and the proof strip, so hide it rather than shrink it. */
  .formation-scroll-visual { display: none; }
  .capability-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
  .project-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .project-card > img { height: 230px; min-height: 0; }
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  /* .narrow-heading is declared after the earlier .section-heading collapse and
     pins a 280px minimum on its second column, which squeezed the heading column
     down to ~49px on phones. Collapse both to a single column here. */
  .section-heading,
  .narrow-heading { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 18px; }
  .portrait-card { justify-self: center; order: -1; width: min(340px, 75vw); }
  .portrait-card img { height: 340px; }
  .hero { text-align: left; }
  .hero-copy { order: initial; }
  .hero .button-row { justify-content: flex-start; }
  .intro-grid,
  .methods-grid,
  .limitation-callout,
  .publication-callout,
  .identifiers-grid,
  .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; }
  .capability-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .evidence-section,
  .bridge-grid,
  .talk-layout,
  .detail-section,
  .milestones-section { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .video-archive-grid,
  .link-card-grid.four-up { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .talk-card a { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .talk-card img { height: 230px; min-height: 0; }
  .publication-section { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .publication-label { position: static; }
  .identifier-note { grid-column: 1; }
  .cv-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .cv-sidebar { position: static; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
}

@media (max-width: 700px) {
  .section-shell,
  .nav-shell,
  .proof-strip,
  .footer-shell { width: min(100% - 28px, var(--max)); }
  .nav-toggle { width: auto; padding: 8px 13px; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }
  .nav-shell .nav-links { top: 70px; }
  .nav-links-static { position: static; display: flex; padding: 0; flex-direction: row; border: 0; background: none; box-shadow: none; }
  .nav-links-static a { display: none; }
  .hero { text-align: left; }
  .hero .button-row { justify-content: flex-start; }
  .portrait-card { order: initial; width: 100%; max-width: none; }
  .portrait-card img { height: 310px; }
  .proof-shell { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .proof-shell > div { min-height: 96px; padding: 16px; }
  .proof-shell > div:nth-child(3) { border-left: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .proof-shell > div:nth-child(4) { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .section-heading .text-link { justify-self: start; }
  .featured-grid,
  .project-grid,
  .capability-grid,
  .agenda-grid,
  .link-card-grid,
  .explorer-grid,
  .compact-publications,
  .art-grid,
  .media-grid,
  .image-pair,
  .milestone-list,
  .video-archive-grid,
  .talk-card-grid,
  .link-card-grid.four-up { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .image-link,
  .feature-card-large .image-link { min-height: 230px; }
  .feature-card { min-height: 0; }
  .research-agenda,
  .results-section,
  .identifiers-section,
  .contact-section { padding: 28px 20px; }
  .contribution-grid,
  .results-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .case-hero-image { min-height: 0; }
  .case-hero-image img { min-height: 220px; }
  .segmented-control { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .footer-shell { padding: 30px 0; grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .footer-shell small { grid-column: 1; }
  .cv-sidebar { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .cv-entry > div { flex-direction: column; gap: 4px; }
  .cv-entry > div span { text-align: left; }
  .pdf-frame { display: none; }
  .page-hero-simple { margin-left: auto; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .formation-scroll-visual { opacity: .45; }
}